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一. 办公室网络设计说明 ​

1. 网络架构设计 ​

1.1 三层网络架构 ​

采用经典的三层网络架构:

  • 核心层(Core Layer):高速数据转发,连接汇聚层
  • 汇聚层(Distribution Layer):策略控制,连接核心层和接入层
  • 接入层(Access Layer):用户接入,连接终端设备

1.2 网络拓扑特点 ​

  • 核心层双机热备,保证高可用性
  • 汇聚层每层部署2台,提供冗余
  • 接入层星型连接到汇聚层
  • 无线网络独立部署,统一管理

2. VLAN规划 ​

2.1 VLAN分配表 ​

VLAN IDVLAN名称网段用途网关
10Management192.168.10.0/24设备管理192.168.10.1
100Office-1F10.1.100.0/24一楼办公区10.1.100.1
200Office-2F10.1.200.0/24二楼办公区10.1.200.1
300Office-3F10.1.300.0/24三楼办公区10.1.300.1
110Meeting-1F10.1.110.0/24一楼会议室10.1.110.1
210Meeting-2F10.1.210.0/24二楼会议室10.1.210.1
310Meeting-3F10.1.310.0/24三楼会议室10.1.310.1
50Server10.1.50.0/24服务器区10.1.50.1
60DMZ10.1.60.0/24DMZ区域10.1.60.1
400WiFi-Guest10.1.400.0/24访客无线10.1.400.1
500WiFi-Office10.1.500.0/24办公无线10.1.500.1
999Native-原生VLAN-

2.2 VLAN设计原则 ​

  1. 安全隔离:不同部门/功能区域独立VLAN
  2. 便于管理:VLAN ID与楼层/功能对应
  3. 扩展性:预留VLAN ID空间
  4. 性能优化:广播域控制在合理范围

3. IP地址规划 ​

3.1 地址分配原则 ​

  • 私有地址:使用RFC1918私有地址段
  • 层次化:按楼层和功能分配
  • 预留空间:每个网段预留30%地址
  • 管理地址:设备管理使用独立网段

3.2 设备IP地址分配 ​

核心设备 ​

设备接口IP地址用途
Core-SW1VLANIF10192.168.10.2管理地址
Core-SW2VLANIF10192.168.10.3管理地址
Router1GE0/0/0公网IP外网接口
Router1GE0/0/110.1.1.1内网接口
Router2GE0/0/0公网IP外网接口
Router2GE0/0/110.1.1.2内网接口

汇聚交换机 ​

设备IP地址位置
Agg-SW1-1F192.168.10.11一楼汇聚1
Agg-SW2-1F192.168.10.12一楼汇聚2
Agg-SW1-2F192.168.10.21二楼汇聚1
Agg-SW2-2F192.168.10.22二楼汇聚2
Agg-SW1-3F192.168.10.31三楼汇聚1
Agg-SW2-3F192.168.10.32三楼汇聚2

3.3 DHCP地址池 ​

每个VLAN配置DHCP地址池,自动分配IP地址:

  • 地址范围:网段的50%-90%
  • 租期:8小时(办公时间)
  • DNS服务器:114.114.114.114, 8.8.8.8
  • 域名:company.local

4. 路由设计 ​

4.1 路由协议 ​

  • 内部路由:OSPF(Open Shortest Path First)
  • 外部路由:BGP(Border Gateway Protocol)
  • 默认路由:指向出口路由器

4.2 OSPF区域规划 ​

  • Area 0:骨干区域,包含核心设备
  • Area 1:办公区域
  • Area 2:服务器区域
  • Area 3:DMZ区域

5. 安全设计 ​

5.1 网络安全策略 ​

  1. 边界防护:部署防火墙,控制南北向流量
  2. 内网隔离:VLAN隔离,ACL访问控制
  3. 无线安全:WPA3加密,MAC地址认证
  4. 设备安全:SSH管理,SNMP v3

5.2 访问控制列表(ACL) ​

  • 禁止办公网访问服务器管理端口
  • 允许特定管理员访问设备管理VLAN
  • 限制访客网络访问内网资源
  • 防止VLAN间非授权访问

6. QoS设计 ​

6.1 流量分类 ​

  • 语音流量:最高优先级(EF)
  • 视频流量:高优先级(AF41)
  • 关键业务:中等优先级(AF31)
  • 普通数据:默认优先级(BE)

6.2 带宽保证 ​

  • 语音流量:保证带宽,低延迟
  • 视频会议:保证带宽,低抖动
  • 关键业务:带宽保证50%
  • 普通上网:剩余带宽

7. 网络管理 ​

7.1 监控指标 ​

  • 设备状态:CPU、内存、温度
  • 接口状态:带宽利用率、错误包
  • 网络性能:延迟、丢包率、吞吐量
  • 安全事件:入侵检测、异常流量

7.2 管理工具 ​

  • 华为eSight:统一网管平台
  • SNMP监控:实时状态监控
  • Syslog日志:集中日志管理
  • NetStream分析:流量分析

8. 容灾备份 ​

8.1 设备冗余 ​

  • 核心交换机:双机热备
  • 出口路由器:双机热备
  • 防火墙:双机热备
  • 无线控制器:双机热备

8.2 链路冗余 ​

  • 核心到汇聚:双链路聚合
  • 汇聚到接入:双上联(部分关键区域)
  • 外网链路:双运营商接入

9. 扩展规划 ​

9.1 端口扩展 ​

  • 接入层预留30%端口
  • 汇聚层预留40%端口
  • 核心层预留50%端口

9.2 带宽扩展 ​

  • 核心骨干:支持40G扩展到100G
  • 汇聚上联:支持万兆扩展
  • 接入下联:全千兆部署

9.3 功能扩展 ​

  • 预留服务器机柜空间
  • 支持云网融合
  • 预留IoT设备接入
  • 支持SD-WAN部署

二. 采购设备说明 ​

办公室基本信息 ​

  • 总面积:3000平米
  • 预计工位:300个
  • 楼层:3层,每层1000平米
  • 会议室:15个
  • 服务器机房:1个(50平米)

核心设备清单 ​

1. 核心交换机 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为S12700E-62台48端口万兆+4端口40G核心层,双机热备

2. 汇聚交换机 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为S5735-L48T4S-A16台48端口千兆+4端口万兆SFP+每层2台,汇聚层

3. 接入交换机 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为S2750-28TP-PWR-EI20台24端口千兆PoE+4端口千兆SFP接入层,支持PoE供电
华为S2750-52P-EI10台48端口千兆+4端口千兆SFP高密度接入

4. 路由器 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为AR6300-S2台双机热备出口路由器

5. 防火墙 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为USG66502台吞吐量20Gbps边界安全防护

6. 无线设备 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为AC66052台支持1024个AP无线控制器,双机热备
华为AP7060DN60台Wi-Fi 6,双频室内无线接入点

7. 服务器设备 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为FusionServer 2288H V54台2U机架服务器应用服务器
华为OceanStor 2600 V51套存储阵列数据存储

8. 网络管理 ​

设备型号数量规格用途
华为eSight1套网管软件统一网络管理

线缆及配件 ​

光纤线缆 ​

  • 万兆多模光纤:200米
  • 千兆多模光纤:500米
  • 万兆单模光纤:100米

网线 ​

  • 六类网线:15000米
  • 超六类网线:5000米

机柜及配件 ​

  • 42U标准机柜:8个
  • 24U壁挂机柜:15个
  • PDU电源:30个
  • 理线器:100个

设备特点 ​

  1. 高可靠性:核心设备双机热备,99.99%可用性
  2. 高性能:万兆骨干,千兆到桌面
  3. PoE供电:支持IP电话、无线AP供电
  4. 绿色节能:华为设备功耗优化
  5. 易扩展:预留30%端口扩展空间

三. 主要网络设备配置部署 ​

配置原则 ​

  1. 自下而上:从核心设备开始,逐步向接入设备配置
  2. 先基础后高级:先配置基本连通性,再配置高级功能
  3. 分阶段验证:每个阶段完成后进行连通性测试
  4. 备份配置:每次重要配置后及时保存

第一阶段:核心设备基础配置 ​

1.1 核心交换机1配置(Core-Switch-1) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 S12700E-6
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.11/24
  • 角色:主核心交换机

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:初始化设备

cli
# 通过Console口连接设备
# 首次启动,进入系统视图
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname Core-Switch-1
[Core-Switch-1]clock timezone BJ add 08:00:00

步骤2:创建管理用户

cli
# 创建本地用户
[Core-Switch-1]aaa
[Core-Switch-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher Huawei@123
[Core-Switch-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15
[Core-Switch-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type ssh telnet terminal
[Core-Switch-1-aaa]quit

# 配置用户界面
[Core-Switch-1]user-interface vty 0 4
[Core-Switch-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Core-Switch-1-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh
[Core-Switch-1-ui-vty0-4]quit

步骤3:配置SSH服务

cli
# 生成RSA密钥
[Core-Switch-1]rsa local-key-pair create
# 启用SSH服务
[Core-Switch-1]ssh server enable
[Core-Switch-1]stelnet server enable

步骤4:创建管理VLAN

cli
# 创建管理VLAN
[Core-Switch-1]vlan 10
[Core-Switch-1-vlan10]description Management
[Core-Switch-1-vlan10]quit

# 配置管理接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 10
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.11 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif10]quit

步骤5:配置默认路由(临时)

cli
# 配置临时默认路由用于管理
[Core-Switch-1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.1

步骤6:保存配置

cli
[Core-Switch-1]save
# 确认保存
The current configuration will be written to the device.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]y

1.2 核心交换机2配置(Core-Switch-2) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 S12700E-6
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.12/24
  • 角色:备核心交换机

配置步骤 ​

重复核心交换机1的步骤1-6,注意以下差异:

cli
# 设备名称
[Huawei]sysname Core-Switch-2

# 管理IP地址
[Core-Switch-2]interface vlanif 10
[Core-Switch-2-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.12 24

1.3 验证核心交换机基础连通性 ​

cli
# 在Core-Switch-1上测试
[Core-Switch-1]ping 192.168.10.12
# 应该能够ping通Core-Switch-2

# 测试SSH连接
[Core-Switch-1]ssh client 192.168.10.12

第二阶段:核心设备完整配置 ​

2.1 核心交换机1完整VLAN配置 ​

cli
# 创建所有业务VLAN
[Core-Switch-1]vlan batch 100 to 102 200 to 202 300 400 500 600

# 配置VLAN描述
[Core-Switch-1]vlan 100
[Core-Switch-1-vlan100]description Office-1F
[Core-Switch-1-vlan100]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 101
[Core-Switch-1-vlan101]description Office-2F
[Core-Switch-1-vlan101]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 102
[Core-Switch-1-vlan102]description Office-3F
[Core-Switch-1-vlan102]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 200
[Core-Switch-1-vlan200]description Meeting-1F
[Core-Switch-1-vlan200]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 201
[Core-Switch-1-vlan201]description Meeting-2F
[Core-Switch-1-vlan201]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 202
[Core-Switch-1-vlan202]description Meeting-3F
[Core-Switch-1-vlan202]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 300
[Core-Switch-1-vlan300]description Server
[Core-Switch-1-vlan300]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 400
[Core-Switch-1-vlan400]description DMZ
[Core-Switch-1-vlan400]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 500
[Core-Switch-1-vlan500]description Guest-Wireless
[Core-Switch-1-vlan500]quit

[Core-Switch-1]vlan 600
[Core-Switch-1-vlan600]description Office-Wireless
[Core-Switch-1-vlan600]quit

2.2 配置VLANIF接口和DHCP中继 ​

cli
# 配置办公区VLANIF接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]ip address 192.168.100.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 101
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]ip address 192.168.101.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 102
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif102]ip address 192.168.102.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif102]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif102]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif102]quit

# 配置会议室VLANIF接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 200
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif200]ip address 192.168.200.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif200]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif200]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif200]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 201
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif201]ip address 192.168.201.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif201]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif201]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif201]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 202
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif202]ip address 192.168.202.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif202]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif202]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif202]quit

# 配置服务器和DMZ VLANIF接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 300
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif300]ip address 192.168.30.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif300]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 400
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif400]ip address 192.168.40.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif400]quit

# 配置无线VLANIF接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 500
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif500]ip address 192.168.50.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif500]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif500]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif500]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 600
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif600]ip address 192.168.60.252 24
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif600]dhcp select relay
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif600]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif600]quit

2.3 配置物理接口 ​

cli
# 配置连接核心交换机2的接口(链路聚合)
[Core-Switch-1]interface eth-trunk 1
[Core-Switch-1-Eth-Trunk1]description Link-to-Core-Switch-2
[Core-Switch-1-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk
[Core-Switch-1-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[Core-Switch-1-Eth-Trunk1]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface 10ge 1/0/1
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/1]eth-trunk 1
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/1]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface 10ge 1/0/2
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/2]eth-trunk 1
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/2]quit

# 配置连接出口路由器的接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface 10ge 1/0/3
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/3]description Link-to-Router-1
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/3]port link-type trunk
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 300 400
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/3]quit

# 配置连接汇聚交换机的接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface 10ge 1/0/4
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/4]description Link-to-Agg-Switch-1F-1
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/4]port link-type trunk
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100 200 500 600
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/4]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface 10ge 1/0/5
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/5]description Link-to-Agg-Switch-1F-2
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/5]port link-type trunk
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100 200 500 600
[Core-Switch-1-10GE1/0/5]quit

# 继续配置其他汇聚交换机连接...

2.4 配置OSPF路由协议 ​

cli
# 启用OSPF
[Core-Switch-1]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.10.11
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1]area 0
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.101.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.102.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.201.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.202.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[Core-Switch-1-ospf-1]quit

2.5 配置VRRP(网关冗余) ​

cli
# 在各VLANIF接口配置VRRP
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]vrrp vrid 100 virtual-ip 192.168.100.254
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]vrrp vrid 100 priority 120
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]vrrp vrid 100 preempt-mode timer delay 20
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]quit

[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 101
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]vrrp vrid 101 virtual-ip 192.168.101.254
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]vrrp vrid 101 priority 120
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]vrrp vrid 101 preempt-mode timer delay 20
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif101]quit

# 继续配置其他VLAN的VRRP...

2.6 保存核心交换机1配置 ​

cli
[Core-Switch-1]save

2.7 核心交换机2配置 ​

重复2.1-2.6的配置,注意以下差异:

cli
# OSPF Router ID
[Core-Switch-2]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.10.12

# VRRP优先级(备设备优先级较低)
[Core-Switch-2]interface vlanif 100
[Core-Switch-2-Vlanif100]vrrp vrid 100 virtual-ip 192.168.100.254
[Core-Switch-2-Vlanif100]vrrp vrid 100 priority 100
[Core-Switch-2-Vlanif100]quit

第三阶段:路由器配置 ​

3.1 出口路由器配置(Router-1) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 AR6300-S
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.1/24
  • 角色:主出口路由器

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:基础配置

cli
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname Router-1
[Router-1]clock timezone BJ add 08:00:00

# 创建管理用户
[Router-1]aaa
[Router-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher Huawei@123
[Router-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15
[Router-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type ssh telnet terminal
[Router-1-aaa]quit

# 配置SSH
[Router-1]user-interface vty 0 4
[Router-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Router-1-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh
[Router-1-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Router-1]rsa local-key-pair create
[Router-1]ssh server enable
[Router-1]stelnet server enable

步骤2:配置接口

cli
# 配置管理接口
[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]description Management
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

# 配置外网接口(连接ISP)
[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]description WAN-to-ISP
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 202.96.128.100 30
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

# 配置内网接口(连接核心交换机)
[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]description LAN-to-Core
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

# 创建子接口
[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2.10
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]description Management-VLAN
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]dot1q termination vid 10
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]ip address 192.168.10.2 24
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]arp broadcast enable
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.10]quit

[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2.300
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.300]description Server-VLAN
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.300]dot1q termination vid 300
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.300]ip address 192.168.30.1 24
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.300]arp broadcast enable
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.300]quit

[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2.400
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.400]description DMZ-VLAN
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.400]dot1q termination vid 400
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.400]ip address 192.168.40.1 24
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.400]arp broadcast enable
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.400]quit

步骤3:配置路由

cli
# 配置默认路由
[Router-1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.96.128.101

# 配置OSPF
[Router-1]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.10.1
[Router-1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always
[Router-1-ospf-1]area 0
[Router-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[Router-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255
[Router-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255
[Router-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[Router-1-ospf-1]quit

步骤4:配置NAT

cli
# 创建ACL用于NAT
[Router-1]acl number 2000
[Router-1-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
[Router-1-acl-basic-2000]quit

# 配置NAT
[Router-1]nat address-group 1 202.96.128.100 202.96.128.100
[Router-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000 address-group 1
[Router-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

# 配置服务器端口映射(示例)
[Router-1]nat server protocol tcp global 202.96.128.100 80 inside 192.168.30.10 80
[Router-1]nat server protocol tcp global 202.96.128.100 443 inside 192.168.30.10 443

步骤5:保存配置

cli
[Router-1]save

第四阶段:防火墙配置 ​

4.1 防火墙配置(Firewall-1) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 USG6650
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.20/24
  • 部署模式:透明模式

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:基础配置

cli
<USG6650>system-view
[USG6650]sysname Firewall-1
[Firewall-1]clock timezone BJ add 08:00:00

# 创建管理用户
[Firewall-1]aaa
[Firewall-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher Huawei@123
[Firewall-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15
[Firewall-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type ssh web terminal
[Firewall-1-aaa]quit

# 配置SSH和Web管理
[Firewall-1]user-interface vty 0 4
[Firewall-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Firewall-1-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh
[Firewall-1-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Firewall-1]rsa local-key-pair create
[Firewall-1]ssh server enable
[Firewall-1]stelnet server enable

[Firewall-1]web-manager enable
[Firewall-1]web-manager port 8443

步骤2:配置接口

cli
# 配置管理接口
[Firewall-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]description Management
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.20 24
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]service-manage ping permit
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]service-manage ssh permit
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]service-manage https permit
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

# 配置外网接口
[Firewall-1]interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]description WAN-Interface
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 202.96.128.102 30
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]quit

# 配置内网接口
[Firewall-1]interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]description LAN-Interface
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]quit

# 配置DMZ接口
[Firewall-1]interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]description DMZ-Interface
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]ip address 192.168.40.1 24
[Firewall-1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]quit

步骤3:配置安全区域

cli
# 创建安全区域
[Firewall-1]firewall zone trust
[Firewall-1-zone-trust]add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[Firewall-1-zone-trust]quit

[Firewall-1]firewall zone untrust
[Firewall-1-zone-untrust]add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0
[Firewall-1-zone-untrust]quit

[Firewall-1]firewall zone dmz
[Firewall-1-zone-dmz]add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
[Firewall-1-zone-dmz]quit

[Firewall-1]firewall zone local
[Firewall-1-zone-local]add interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0
[Firewall-1-zone-local]quit

步骤4:配置安全策略

cli
# 内网访问外网策略
[Firewall-1]security-policy
[Firewall-1-policy-security]rule name trust_to_untrust
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_untrust]source-zone trust
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_untrust]destination-zone untrust
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_untrust]action permit
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_untrust]quit

# 外网访问DMZ策略
[Firewall-1-policy-security]rule name untrust_to_dmz
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-untrust_to_dmz]source-zone untrust
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-untrust_to_dmz]destination-zone dmz
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-untrust_to_dmz]destination-address 192.168.40.10 mask 255.255.255.255
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-untrust_to_dmz]service http https
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-untrust_to_dmz]action permit
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-untrust_to_dmz]quit

# 内网访问DMZ策略
[Firewall-1-policy-security]rule name trust_to_dmz
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_dmz]source-zone trust
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_dmz]destination-zone dmz
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_dmz]action permit
[Firewall-1-policy-security-rule-trust_to_dmz]quit

[Firewall-1-policy-security]quit

步骤5:保存配置

cli
[Firewall-1]save

第五阶段:汇聚交换机配置 ​

5.1 一楼汇聚交换机配置(Agg-Switch-1F-1) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 S5735-L48T4S-A1
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.21/24
  • 角色:一楼汇聚交换机1

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:基础配置

cli
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname Agg-Switch-1F-1
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]clock timezone BJ add 08:00:00

# 创建管理用户
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]aaa
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher Huawei@123
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type ssh telnet terminal
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-aaa]quit

# 配置SSH
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]user-interface vty 0 4
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]rsa local-key-pair create
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]ssh server enable
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]stelnet server enable

步骤2:创建VLAN

cli
# 创建相关VLAN
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]vlan batch 10 100 200 500 600

# 配置VLAN描述
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]vlan 10
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan10]description Management
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan10]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]vlan 100
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan100]description Office-1F
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan100]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]vlan 200
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan200]description Meeting-1F
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan200]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]vlan 500
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan500]description Guest-Wireless
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan500]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]vlan 600
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan600]description Office-Wireless
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-vlan600]quit

步骤3:配置管理接口

cli
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]interface vlanif 10
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.21 24
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-Vlanif10]quit

步骤4:配置上联接口(连接核心交换机)

cli
# 配置上联接口1(连接Core-Switch-1)
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/49
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/49]description Uplink-to-Core-Switch-1
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/49]port link-type trunk
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/49]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100 200 500 600
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/49]quit

# 配置上联接口2(连接Core-Switch-2)
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/50
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/50]description Uplink-to-Core-Switch-2
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/50]port link-type trunk
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/50]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100 200 500 600
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/50]quit

步骤5:配置下联接口(连接接入交换机)

cli
# 配置连接接入交换机的接口
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]description Link-to-Access-Switch-1F-Office-1
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]description Link-to-Access-Switch-1F-Office-2
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[Agg-Switch-1F-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/3
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]description Link-to-Access-Switch-1F-Meeting
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 200
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

步骤6:配置STP

cli
# 启用STP
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]stp enable
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]stp mode rstp
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]stp priority 4096

步骤7:配置OSPF

cli
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.10.21
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ospf-1]area 0
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[Agg-Switch-1F-1-ospf-1]quit

步骤8:保存配置

cli
[Agg-Switch-1F-1]save

第六阶段:接入交换机配置 ​

6.1 一楼办公区接入交换机配置(Access-Switch-1F-Office-1) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 S2750-28TP-PWR-EI
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.31/24
  • 角色:一楼办公区接入交换机1

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:基础配置

cli
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname Access-Switch-1F-Office-1
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]clock timezone BJ add 08:00:00

# 创建管理用户
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]aaa
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher Huawei@123
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type ssh telnet terminal
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-aaa]quit

# 配置SSH
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]user-interface vty 0 4
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]rsa local-key-pair create
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]ssh server enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]stelnet server enable

步骤2:创建VLAN

cli
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]vlan batch 10 100

[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]vlan 10
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-vlan10]description Management
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-vlan10]quit

[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]vlan 100
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-vlan100]description Office-1F
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-vlan100]quit

步骤3:配置管理接口

cli
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface vlanif 10
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.31 24
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Vlanif10]quit

步骤4:配置上联接口

cli
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/25
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/25]description Uplink-to-Agg-Switch-1F-1
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/25]port link-type trunk
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/25]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/25]quit

[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/26
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/26]description Uplink-to-Agg-Switch-1F-2
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/26]port link-type trunk
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/26]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 100
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/26]quit

步骤5:配置用户接入端口

cli
# 批量配置用户端口
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]port-group group-member ethernet 0/0/1 to ethernet 0/0/24
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-port-group]port link-type access
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-port-group]port default vlan 100
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-port-group]poe enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-port-group]port-security enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-port-group]port-security max-mac-num 3
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-port-group]quit

# 单独配置特殊端口(如打印机端口)
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface ethernet 0/0/24
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Ethernet0/0/24]description Printer-1F-Office-1
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Ethernet0/0/24]port-security max-mac-num 1
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Ethernet0/0/24]quit

步骤6:配置STP和其他功能

cli
# 启用STP
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]stp enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]stp mode rstp

# 配置环路检测
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]loopback-detection enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface range ethernet 0/0/1 to ethernet 0/0/24
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-if-range]loopback-detection enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-if-range]loopback-detection action block
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-if-range]quit

# 配置DHCP Snooping
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]dhcp snooping enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]dhcp snooping binding enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface vlan 100
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Vlanif100]dhcp snooping enable
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-Vlanif100]quit

# 配置上联口为信任端口
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/25
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/25]dhcp snooping trusted
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/25]quit

[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/26
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/26]dhcp snooping trusted
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/26]quit

步骤7:保存配置

cli
[Access-Switch-1F-Office-1]save

第七阶段:无线控制器配置 ​

7.1 无线控制器配置(Wireless-Controller-1) ​

设备信息 ​

  • 设备型号:华为 AC6605
  • 管理IP:192.168.10.50/24
  • 角色:主无线控制器

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:基础配置

cli
<AC6605>system-view
[AC6605]sysname Wireless-Controller-1
[Wireless-Controller-1]clock timezone BJ add 08:00:00

# 创建管理用户
[Wireless-Controller-1]aaa
[Wireless-Controller-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher Huawei@123
[Wireless-Controller-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15
[Wireless-Controller-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type ssh web terminal
[Wireless-Controller-1-aaa]quit

# 配置SSH和Web管理
[Wireless-Controller-1]user-interface vty 0 4
[Wireless-Controller-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[Wireless-Controller-1-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh
[Wireless-Controller-1-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Wireless-Controller-1]rsa local-key-pair create
[Wireless-Controller-1]ssh server enable
[Wireless-Controller-1]stelnet server enable

[Wireless-Controller-1]web-manager enable
[Wireless-Controller-1]web-manager port 8443

步骤2:创建VLAN

cli
[Wireless-Controller-1]vlan batch 10 500 600

[Wireless-Controller-1]vlan 10
[Wireless-Controller-1-vlan10]description Management
[Wireless-Controller-1-vlan10]quit

[Wireless-Controller-1]vlan 500
[Wireless-Controller-1-vlan500]description Guest-Wireless
[Wireless-Controller-1-vlan500]quit

[Wireless-Controller-1]vlan 600
[Wireless-Controller-1-vlan600]description Office-Wireless
[Wireless-Controller-1-vlan600]quit

步骤3:配置接口

cli
# 配置管理接口
[Wireless-Controller-1]interface vlanif 10
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.50 24
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif10]quit

# 配置访客无线网络接口
[Wireless-Controller-1]interface vlanif 500
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif500]ip address 192.168.50.1 24
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif500]dhcp select relay
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif500]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif500]quit

# 配置办公无线网络接口
[Wireless-Controller-1]interface vlanif 600
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif600]ip address 192.168.60.1 24
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif600]dhcp select relay
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif600]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.10.100
[Wireless-Controller-1-Vlanif600]quit

# 配置物理接口
[Wireless-Controller-1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[Wireless-Controller-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]description Link-to-Core-Switch
[Wireless-Controller-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[Wireless-Controller-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 500 600
[Wireless-Controller-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

步骤4:配置无线射频模板

cli
# 创建2.4GHz射频模板
[Wireless-Controller-1]wlan
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]radio-2g-profile name default_radio_2g
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-2g-prof-default_radio_2g]channel-width 40
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-2g-prof-default_radio_2g]channel auto
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-2g-prof-default_radio_2g]power auto
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-2g-prof-default_radio_2g]quit

# 创建5GHz射频模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]radio-5g-profile name default_radio_5g
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-5g-prof-default_radio_5g]channel-width 80
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-5g-prof-default_radio_5g]channel auto
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-5g-prof-default_radio_5g]power auto
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-radio-5g-prof-default_radio_5g]quit

步骤5:配置SSID和安全模板

cli
# 创建办公SSID安全模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]security-profile name office_security
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-sec-prof-office_security]security wpa-wpa2 psk pass-phrase Huawei@2024 aes
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-sec-prof-office_security]quit

# 创建访客SSID安全模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]security-profile name guest_security
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-sec-prof-guest_security]security wpa2 psk pass-phrase Guest@123 aes
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-sec-prof-guest_security]quit

# 创建办公SSID模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ssid-profile name office_ssid
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ssid-prof-office_ssid]ssid Office-WiFi
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ssid-prof-office_ssid]quit

# 创建访客SSID模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ssid-profile name guest_ssid
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ssid-prof-guest_ssid]ssid Guest-WiFi
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ssid-prof-guest_ssid]quit

步骤6:创建VAP模板

cli
# 创建办公VAP模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]vap-profile name office_vap
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-office_vap]forward-mode tunnel
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-office_vap]service-vlan vlan-id 600
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-office_vap]ssid-profile office_ssid
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-office_vap]security-profile office_security
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-office_vap]quit

# 创建访客VAP模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]vap-profile name guest_vap
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-guest_vap]forward-mode tunnel
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-guest_vap]service-vlan vlan-id 500
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-guest_vap]ssid-profile guest_ssid
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-guest_vap]security-profile guest_security
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-vap-prof-guest_vap]quit

步骤7:创建AP组和AP模板

cli
# 创建AP组
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap-group name default_ap_group
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-group-default_ap_group]quit

# 创建AP模板
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap-profile name default_ap_profile
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]radio 0 radio-profile default_radio_2g
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]radio 0 vap-profile office_vap wlan 1
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]radio 0 vap-profile guest_vap wlan 2
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]radio 1 radio-profile default_radio_5g
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]radio 1 vap-profile office_vap wlan 1
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]radio 1 vap-profile guest_vap wlan 2
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-prof-default_ap_profile]quit

# 将AP模板应用到AP组
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap-group name default_ap_group
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-group-default_ap_group]ap-profile default_ap_profile
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-group-default_ap_group]quit

步骤8:配置AP

cli
# 配置一楼AP
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap auth-mode mac-auth
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap-id 1 ap-mac 00e0-fc12-3456
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-1]ap-name AP-1F-Office-1
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-1]ap-group default_ap_group
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-1]quit

[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap-id 2 ap-mac 00e0-fc12-3457
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-2]ap-name AP-1F-Office-2
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-2]ap-group default_ap_group
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-2]quit

# 继续配置其他楼层AP(示例)
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]ap-id 3 ap-mac 00e0-fc12-3458
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-3]ap-name AP-2F-Office-1
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-3]ap-group default_ap_group
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-ap-3]quit

[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]quit

步骤9:配置CAPWAP

cli
# 配置CAPWAP源接口
[Wireless-Controller-1]capwap source interface vlanif 10

步骤10:保存配置

cli
[Wireless-Controller-1]save

第八阶段:DHCP服务器配置 ​

8.1 DHCP服务器配置 ​

设备信息 ​

  • 服务器IP:192.168.10.100/24
  • 操作系统:Linux
  • 角色:DHCP服务器

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:安装DHCP服务

bash
# CentOS/RHEL系统
sudo yum install dhcp -y

# Ubuntu/Debian系统
sudo apt-get install isc-dhcp-server -y

步骤2:配置DHCP服务

conf
# 编辑DHCP配置文件
sudo vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

# 添加以下配置内容:
# 全局配置
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 172800;
authoritative;

# DNS服务器
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114, 8.8.8.8;
option ntp-servers 192.168.10.1;

# 一楼办公区DHCP池
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.100.10 192.168.100.200;
    option routers 192.168.100.254;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
    default-lease-time 86400;
    max-lease-time 172800;
}

# 二楼办公区DHCP池
subnet 192.168.101.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.101.10 192.168.101.200;
    option routers 192.168.101.254;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.101.255;
    default-lease-time 86400;
    max-lease-time 172800;
}

# 访客无线网络DHCP池
subnet 192.168.50.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.50.10 192.168.50.200;
    option routers 192.168.50.254;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.50.255;
    default-lease-time 3600;
    max-lease-time 7200;
}

# 办公无线网络DHCP池
subnet 192.168.60.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.60.10 192.168.60.200;
    option routers 192.168.60.254;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.60.255;
    default-lease-time 86400;
    max-lease-time 172800;
}

步骤3:启动DHCP服务

bash
# 启动并设置开机自启
sudo systemctl start dhcpd
sudo systemctl enable dhcpd

# 检查服务状态
sudo systemctl status dhcpd

第九阶段:网络管理平台配置 ​

9.1 eSight网管平台配置 ​

配置步骤 ​

步骤1:安装eSight

# 在管理服务器上安装eSight
# 按照华为eSight安装指南进行安装

步骤2:添加设备

# 通过Web界面添加设备
# 访问 https://192.168.10.101:8443
# 使用admin/Huawei@123登录

# 添加核心交换机
设备IP:192.168.10.11
SNMP团体名:public
设备类型:交换机

# 添加路由器
设备IP:192.168.10.1
SNMP团体名:public
设备类型:路由器

# 添加防火墙
设备IP:192.168.10.20
SNMP团体名:public
设备类型:防火墙

第十阶段:配置验证和测试 ​

10.1 网络连通性测试 ​

步骤1:基础连通性测试

cli
# 在核心交换机上测试
[Core-Switch-1]ping 192.168.10.12  # 测试到Core-Switch-2
[Core-Switch-1]ping 192.168.10.1   # 测试到Router-1
[Core-Switch-1]ping 192.168.10.21  # 测试到Agg-Switch-1F-1

# 在路由器上测试
[Router-1]ping 8.8.8.8  # 测试外网连通性
[Router-1]ping 192.168.10.11  # 测试到核心交换机

步骤2:VLAN间路由测试

cli
# 从办公区测试到其他VLAN
ping 192.168.101.1  # 测试VLAN间路由
ping 192.168.200.1  # 测试到会议室VLAN
ping 8.8.8.8        # 测试外网访问

步骤3:DHCP功能测试

bash
# 在客户端测试DHCP
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew
ipconfig /all  # 查看获取的IP地址

步骤4:无线网络测试

# 测试无线连接
# 连接Office-WiFi SSID
# 密码:Huawei@2024
# 测试网络连通性

10.2 故障切换测试 ​

步骤1:VRRP切换测试

cli
# 在Core-Switch-1上关闭VLANIF接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]shutdown
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]quit

# 在客户端测试网关是否切换到Core-Switch-2
ping 192.168.100.254

# 恢复接口
[Core-Switch-1]interface vlanif 100
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]undo shutdown
[Core-Switch-1-Vlanif100]quit

步骤2:链路冗余测试

# 断开主链路,测试备用链路是否生效
# 观察STP收敛时间
# 测试网络连通性恢复情况

四. 运维与检查 ​

配置部署注意事项 ​

安全注意事项 ​

  1. 密码安全:所有设备使用强密码,定期更换
  2. 访问控制:限制管理访问来源IP
  3. SNMP安全:使用SNMPv3或更改默认团体名
  4. 固件更新:及时更新设备固件和安全补丁

配置备份 ​

  1. 定期备份:每周备份所有设备配置
  2. 版本管理:记录配置变更历史
  3. 恢复测试:定期测试配置恢复流程

监控告警 ​

  1. 性能监控:监控设备CPU、内存、接口利用率
  2. 故障告警:配置设备故障、链路中断告警
  3. 安全监控:监控异常访问和安全事件

文档维护 ​

  1. 配置文档:及时更新配置文档
  2. 网络拓扑:保持拓扑图与实际一致
  3. 操作记录:记录所有配置变更操作

故障排除指南 ​

常见问题处理 ​

问题1:设备无法SSH登录

cli
# 检查SSH服务状态
display ssh server status

# 重新生成密钥
rsa local-key-pair create

# 检查用户配置
display aaa local-user

问题2:VLAN间无法通信

cli
# 检查VLANIF接口状态
display interface vlanif brief

# 检查路由表
display ip routing-table

# 检查OSPF邻居
display ospf peer

问题3:DHCP客户端无法获取IP

bash
# 检查DHCP中继配置
display dhcp relay server-group

# 检查DHCP服务器状态
sudo systemctl status dhcpd

# 查看DHCP日志
sudo tail -f /var/log/dhcpd.log

问题4:无线客户端无法连接

cli
# 检查AP状态
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]display ap all

# 检查VAP状态
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]display vap all

# 检查SSID配置
[Wireless-Controller-1-wlan-view]display ssid-profile all

配置完成检查清单 ​

设备配置检查 ​

  • [X] 所有设备基础配置完成
  • [X] 管理IP地址配置正确
  • [X] SSH访问正常
  • [X] SNMP配置完成
  • [X] 时间同步配置

网络功能检查 ​

  • [X] VLAN创建和配置
  • [X] VLANIF接口配置
  • [X] 路由协议配置
  • [X] VRRP冗余配置
  • [X] STP配置

安全功能检查 ​

  • [X] 防火墙策略配置
  • [X] ACL访问控制
  • [X] 端口安全配置
  • [X] DHCP Snooping配置

无线网络检查 ​

  • [X] 无线控制器配置
  • [X] AP注册和上线
  • [X] SSID广播正常
  • [X] 无线客户端连接测试

服务功能检查 ​

  • [X] DHCP服务正常
  • [X] DNS解析正常
  • [X] NTP时间同步
  • [X] 网管平台监控

连通性测试 ​

  • [X] 内网连通性测试
  • [X] VLAN间路由测试
  • [X] 外网访问测试
  • [X] 无线网络测试

冗余测试 ​

  • [X] VRRP切换测试
  • [X] 链路故障切换测试
  • [X] 设备故障切换测试

配置部署完成后,请确保所有检查项目都已通过验证,并及时保存所有设备配置。